World War I evolves into a trench war for many reasons, the main one being the advancement of artilliery. When the machine gun was introduced, this changed the whole aspect of the war. Now you were not able to advance troops and take over land without the sacrifice of many men. This effect on the soldiers must have been jarring. For the men who saw their comrades die, cut down by one weapon would have scarred anyone. Also, the mental stress of treches must have scarring as well. Before you could see your enemy which is alot different than just guessing and throwing a gernade. As for life inside the trenches, it was more than a little unsanitary. Their were rats, the spaces were tight and closed in, and if it rained it stayed wet. As for the effect on the civilians, trenches impacted them too. Where a nice neighborhood might have once been, all that might remain is dugouts from the treches, gernade explosions in the walls, and tank tracks in the street. With as much chaos and destruction that the trech warfare created, it made normal life impossible for many years afterwards. As for the government, they were impacted more indirectly than directly from the trench warfare. Where as they might have once been able to advance troops and take over the protagonistic country, this was made futile. Instead governments had to be stratigic and one step ahead of the other team. Governments had to rely heavily on the other countries around them to ward off the enemy from killing your men, which also means many pacts, treaties, and hope with your allies. This is how WWI evolves into a trench warfare and impacts the soldiers, civilians and govenments. Overall, trench warfare was a nasty business and changed thousands of lives
